Python 代码打造经典贪吃蛇游戏，带你回味童年的快乐记忆

贪吃蛇是一款经典的小游戏。初始是像素版本，后来又衍生出3D版本、多人对战版本等。玩家使用方向键操控一条长长的蛇不断吞下豆子，同时蛇身随着吞下的豆子不断变长，当蛇头撞到蛇身或障壁时游戏结束。

本文分享在 Python Tkinter 中创建一个流行的可以计分的贪吃蛇游戏代码。

代码中使用了 tkinter、random 、Pillow 三个库，以及一张 PNG 图片作为豆子，图片是名为 game.png，长宽均为 13px 的黑色方块，请自行准备。

from tkinter import *from random import randintfrom PIL import Image, ImageTkmovement = 20steps_per_sec = 10speed = 1100 // steps_per_secclass Snake(Canvas):    def __init__(self):        super().__init__(            width=700,             height=400,             background='#53ff1a',             highlightthickness=0        )        self.snake_pos = [(100, 80), (80, 100), (80, 100)]        self.food_pos = self.set_new_food_pos()        self.direction = 'Right'        self.score = 0        self.load_img()        self.create_objects()        self.bind_all('<Key>', self.on_key_press)        self.pack()        self.after(speed, self.perform_actions)    def load_img(self):        try:            self.snake_body = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open('game.png'))            self.food = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open('game.png'))        except IOError as error:            ws.destroy()            raise

    def create_objects(self):        self.create_text(            35,             12,             text=f'得分: {self.score}',             tag='score',             fill='black',             font=10        )        for x_position, y_position in self.snake_pos:            self.create_image(                x_position,                 y_position,                 image=self.snake_body,                 tag='snake'            )        self.create_image(            *self.food_pos,             image=self.food,             tag='food'            )        self.create_rectangle(            7,             27,             690,             690,             outline='#d9d8d7'            )

    def finish_game(self):        self.delete(ALL)        self.create_text(            self.winfo_width() / 2,            self.winfo_height() / 2,            text=f'游戏结束，得分：{self.score}!',            fill='black',            font=20        )    def consume_food(self):        if self.snake_pos[0] == self.food_pos:            self.score += 10            self.snake_pos.append(self.snake_pos[-1])            self.create_image(                *self.snake_pos[-1],                 image=self.snake_body,                 tag='snake'            )            self.food_pos = self.set_new_food_pos()            self.coords(                self.find_withtag('food'),                 *self.food_pos                )            score = self.find_withtag('score')            self.itemconfigure(                score,                 text=f'得分: {self.score}',                 tag='score'                )        def boundry(self):        head_x_position, head_y_position = self.snake_pos[0]        return (            head_x_position in (0, 700)            or head_y_position in (20, 400)            or (head_x_position, head_y_position) in self.snake_pos[1:]        )

    def snake_movement(self):        head_x_position, head_y_position = self.snake_pos[0]        if self.direction == 'Left':            new_head_position = (head_x_position - movement, head_y_position)        elif self.direction == 'Right':            new_head_position = (head_x_position + movement, head_y_position)        elif self.direction == 'Down':            new_head_position = (head_x_position, head_y_position + movement)        elif self.direction == 'Up':            new_head_position = (head_x_position, head_y_position - movement)        self.snake_pos = [new_head_position] + self.snake_pos[:-1]        for segment, position in zip(self.find_withtag('snake'), self.snake_pos):            self.coords(segment, position)    def on_key_press(self, e):        new_direction = e.keysym        all_directions = (            'Up',             'Down'.             'Left',             'Right'            )        opposites = (            {'Up', 'Down'},             {'Left', 'Right'}            )        if (            new_direction in all_directions            and {new_direction, self.direction} not in opposites        ):            self.direction = new_direction    def perform_actions(self):        if self.boundry():            self.finish_game()        self.consume_food()        self.snake_movement()        self.after(speed, self.perform_actions)    def set_new_food_pos(self):        while True:            x_position = randint(1, 29) * movement            y_position = randint(3, 30) * movement            food_pos = (x_position, y_position)            if food_pos not in self.snake_pos:                return food_posws = Tk()ws.title('贪吃蛇')ws.resizable(False, False)board = Snake()ws.mainloop()